The practice of yoga is often misconstrued as a form of purely physical exercise, and the emergence of expensive activewear brands leveraging its surge in popularity in recent decades has done little to demystify it. Yoga is in fact a holistic practice that originated in ancient India, and which can have a profound impact on physical, mental and spiritual wellbeing.
You may have bought the fancy mat and buttery soft leggings, but do you know the difference between Vinyasa Yoga classes and Yin Yoga classes? This ancient practice encompasses a rich vocabulary of terms that reflect its philosophical roots, as well as breathing techniques and physical practices. Here we’ll explore some key terms used in yoga to provide a better understanding of its core concepts and practices.
Yoga:
The term "yoga" is derived from the Sanskrit word "yuj," which means to unite or join. In the context of yoga, it refers to the realisation that our true nature is divine, that there is no separation between spirit and matter, and that everything in existence is a manifestation of universal consciousness. This awakening to our true nature can be cultivated through various yoga practices, including physical postures, breathing techniques, meditation, and ethical behaviours.
Ahimsa:
Ahimsa is the principle of non-violence and compassion towards all living beings. It is one of the Yamas, which are ethical guidelines that form the foundation of yogic philosophy.
Asana:
Asanas are the physical postures practiced in yoga. They are designed to enhance the flow of energy (Prana) in the body and promote physical strength, flexibility, balance, and relaxation. Each asana has specific benefits for the body and mind. Examples include Downward Facing Dog (Adho Mukha Svanasana), Tree Pose (Vrikshasana), and Warrior Pose (Virabhadrasana).
Pranayama:
Pranayama refers to breathing practices in yoga. It involves conscious regulation of the breath to enhance the flow of life force energy (Prana) in the body. Various breathing techniques can be practiced helping calm the mind, increase focus, and balance the body's energy.
Meditation:
Meditation (Dhyana) is a central practice in yoga that involves quieting the mind to achieve a state of focused attention and inner peace. There are many different meditation styles and techniques to explore. Through meditation, we aim to gain self-awareness, reduce stress, and connect with our true nature as divine beings.
Namaste:
"Namaste" is a greeting that that honours and recognises the divine spark in every individual. It is often accompanied by a gesture (Mudra) of bringing the palms together at the heart centre and bowing the head.
Om (Aum):
The sacred sound of “Om” is said to be the sound of the beginning of all creation, and the vibrational resonance of the entire Universe. Om is often chanted at the beginning or end of yoga lessons. It represents the essence of the universe and the unity of all creation.
Vinyasa:
“Vinyasa” is another Sanskrit term that refers to mindfully and systematically progressing from one yoga asana (posture) to the next while connecting each movement with breath. Vinyasa yoga is a relatively modern form of asana practice that has become very popular in the West, and vinyasa yoga classes can be found in many yoga studios.
Yin:
‘’Yin & Yang” are relative terms in Chinese philosophy that describe the two facets of existence. The term ‘Yin Yoga’ was recently coined to differentiate a softer style of yoga, and the intention behind it, from more yang styles of asana practice that have become popular in recent decades. Yin Yoga classes are slower, more passive and cooling, relative to more yang practices such as vinyasa yoga classes which are faster, more active and heating.
Savasana:
“Savasana”, also known as Corpse Pose, is a relaxation posture practiced at the end of a yoga lesson. Savasana is one of the most important and beneficial yoga asanas. It involves lying on the back in a relaxed state, allowing the body and mind to integrate the benefits of the practice.
These are just a few of the many terms that make up the language of yoga. Understanding these terms can deepen your appreciation of the practice and its profound impact on physical, mental, and spiritual well-being. Whether you're a seasoned practitioner or new to yoga, these concepts provide insights into the rich tapestry of this ancient tradition.